1 Your Digital footprint: what people see online
Every time you go online-whether to "like" a post, sign up for a service, or search for memes- you leave behind a trail of data. That trail is called your digital footprint. It's the record of everything you do online, and it sticks around much longer than you might think, quietly accumulating in the background.
There are two types of digital footprints - passive and active. Passive footprints are traces created without your direct input, such as the time you spend on a page. Active footprints, on the other hand, are the result of actions you take intentionally-posting photos, writing comments, or entering personal information. Together, these traces can reveal a great deal about you, including your interests, location, and online behavior.
This information is valuable not only to marketers and tech companies but also to cybercriminals. Hackers may use digital footprints to access personal accounts, steal identities, or carry out phishing scams. And once your data is out there, it's nearly impossible to erase.
Fortunately with some precautions, you can minimize your digital footprint and reduce your risk of being targeted. The first is to use strong, unique passwords for each account you make. A password manager can help you manage them. Another step you can take is to enable two-factor authentication (2FA) wherever possible for Var, Mos 2203 an extra layer of protection. Also, always be mful of what you share Shline and regularly review your privacy settings on social media, websites, and apps. Lastly, avoid conducting sensitive activities, such as banking or shopping, on public Wi-Fi unless connected through a virtual private network
Your digital footprint plays a critical role in your online safety. By taking simple, proactive steps, you can manage your digital presence and protect your personal information in today's connected world.
◆ 한줄해석
Every time you go online, you leave behind a trail of data.
온라인에 접속할 때마다 데이터의 흔적을 남긴다.
That trail is called your digital footprint.
그 흔적을 디지털 발자국이라고 한다.
It sticks around much longer than you might think.
그것은 생각보다 훨씬 오래 남는다.
There are two types of digital footprints—passive and active.
디지털 발자국에는 수동형과 능동형 두 가지가 있다.
Passive footprints are created without your direct input.
수동형 발자국은 직접 입력 없이 생성된다.
Active footprints are the result of actions you take intentionally.
능동형 발자국은 의도적인 행동의 결과이다.
These traces can reveal a great deal about you.
이러한 흔적은 많은 정보를 드러낼 수 있다.
This information is valuable to cybercriminals.
이 정보는 사이버 범죄자에게 가치가 있다.
Hackers may use it to access accounts or steal identities.
해커는 이를 계정 접근이나 신원 도용에 사용할 수 있다.
Once your data is out there, it is nearly impossible to erase.
데이터가 유출되면 삭제하기 거의 불가능하다.
You can minimize your digital footprint with precautions.
예방 조치로 디지털 발자국을 줄일 수 있다.
Use strong, unique passwords.
강력하고 고유한 비밀번호를 사용하라.
Enable two-factor authentication.
2단계 인증을 활성화하라.
Be mindful of what you share online.
온라인 공유 내용을 주의하라.
Avoid sensitive activities on public Wi-Fi.
공용 와이파이에서 민감한 활동을 피하라.
Your digital footprint plays a critical role in your safety.
디지털 발자국은 안전에 중요한 역할을 한다.
You can protect your personal information.
개인 정보를 보호할 수 있다.
◆ 핵심 단어
digital footprint : 디지털 발자국
trail : 흔적
accumulate : 축적되다
passive : 수동적인
active : 능동적인
trace : 흔적
reveal : 드러내다
behavior : 행동
cybercriminal : 사이버 범죄자
access : 접근하다
identity : 신원
phishing : 피싱 사기
erase : 삭제하다
precaution : 예방 조치
minimize : 최소화하다
target : 표적으로 삼다
unique : 고유한
password manager : 비밀번호 관리자
enable : 활성화하다
authentication : 인증
privacy : 사생활
sensitive : 민감한
virtual private network : 가상 사설망(VPN)
critical : 중요한
proactive : 적극적인
presence : 존재, 흔적
◆ 해석 연습
Every time you go online, you leave behind a trail of data.
That trail is called your digital footprint.
It sticks around much longer than you might think.
There are two types of digital footprints—passive and active.
Passive footprints are created without your direct input.
Active footprints are the result of actions you take intentionally.
These traces can reveal a great deal about you.
This information is valuable to cybercriminals.
Hackers may use it to access accounts or steal identities.
Once your data is out there, it is nearly impossible to erase.
You can minimize your digital footprint with precautions.
Use strong, unique passwords.
Enable two-factor authentication.
Be mindful of what you share online.
Avoid sensitive activities on public Wi-Fi.
Your digital footprint plays a critical role in your safety.
You can protect your personal information.
◆ 핵심어법 양자택일
Every time you go online, you (leave / leaves) behind a trail of data.
That trail (is / are) called your digital footprint.
There (is / are) two types of digital footprints.
Passive footprints (are created / create) without your direct input.
Active footprints (are / is) the result of intentional actions.
These traces (reveal / reveals) a great deal about you.
This information (is / are) valuable to cybercriminals.
Hackers (may use / may uses) it to access accounts.
Once your data (is / are) out there, it is hard to erase.
You (can / could) minimize your digital footprint.
Use strong, unique passwords (for / to) each account.
It (play / plays) a critical role in your safety.
◆ 핵심어휘 양자택일
You leave a (trail / wall) of data online.
Your digital footprint (disappears / remains) for a long time.
Passive footprints are created (intentionally / automatically).
Active footprints result from (actions / accidents).
These traces can (hide / reveal) information about you.
Cybercriminals may (protect / exploit) your data.
Hackers can (access / block) your accounts.
It is difficult to (erase / create) data once shared.
You can (increase / minimize) your digital footprint.
Use (weak / strong) passwords.
Two-factor authentication adds (risk / protection).
Avoid (safe / sensitive) activities on public Wi-Fi.
Your digital footprint affects your (safety / entertainment).
정답
어법
leave
is
are
are created
are
reveal
is
may use
is
can
for
plays
어휘
trail
remains
automatically
actions
reveal
exploit
access
erase
minimize
strong
protection
sensitive
safety
2 Asteroids contain building blocks of life
Recently, scientists made a groundbreaking discovery by finding the building blocks of life on an asteroid. These findings have given researchers new insights into how life may have started on Earth.
In 2016, NASA launched the OSIRIS-REx mission to study Bennu, a 4.5-billion-year-old asteroid. Using its TAGSAM* arm mechanism, the spacecraft collected dust and rock samples from the space rock in 2020 and then brought them back to Earth three years later.
After numerous studies, scientists found that the samples contained thousands of organic compounds, including 14 of the 20 amino acids that life on Earth uses to build proteins. Also found were four nucleobases, the key components of DNA that stores genetic information in our cells.
In addition, scientists found a variety of minerals and salts, indicating that the Bennu asteroid once had water. Ammonia, which is important for biochemical reactions, was discovered in the samples, as well.
According to some scientists, this supports the theory that asteroids may have delivered the building blocks of life to Earth when the solar system was first formed. They theorize that billions of years ago, space rocks could have crashed into our planet, seeding it with organic materials. Furthermore, scientists say that if asteroids delivered life's ingredients to Earth, there is a high possibility that the same could have happened on other planets in our universe.
"Why do we have life here on Earth? And could we potentially find it elsewhere?" researcher Ashley King asked rhetorically.
This is not the first time that asteroid samples have revealed organic materials. Previous Japanese missions to the asteroids Itokawa and Ryugu in 2010 and 2020, respectively, also found similar substances.
NASA is now planning the OSIRIS-APEX mission, which will study the Apophis asteroid when it approaches Earth in 2029. Through their research, scientists hope to unlock more secrets to life, here on Earth and perhaps beyond.
◆ 한줄해석
Recently, scientists made a groundbreaking discovery by finding the building blocks of life on an asteroid.
최근 과학자들은 소행성에서 생명의 구성 요소를 발견하는 획기적인 발견을 했다.
These findings have given researchers new insights into how life may have started on Earth.
이 발견은 생명이 지구에서 어떻게 시작되었는지에 대한 새로운 통찰을 제공했다.
In 2016, NASA launched the OSIRIS-REx mission to study Bennu.
2016년 NASA는 베누를 연구하기 위해 OSIRIS-REx 임무를 발사했다.
The spacecraft collected samples in 2020 and brought them back to Earth three years later.
우주선은 2020년에 샘플을 수집하고 3년 후 지구로 가져왔다.
Scientists found that the samples contained thousands of organic compounds.
과학자들은 샘플에 수천 개의 유기 화합물이 포함되어 있음을 발견했다.
They included amino acids used to build proteins.
그 안에는 단백질을 구성하는 아미노산이 포함되어 있었다.
They also found nucleobases, key components of DNA.
또한 DNA의 핵심 구성 요소인 핵염기도 발견되었다.
Scientists found minerals and salts, indicating Bennu once had water.
과학자들은 광물과 염을 발견했고, 이는 베누에 물이 있었음을 시사한다.
Ammonia, important for biochemical reactions, was also discovered.
생화학 반응에 중요한 암모니아도 발견되었다.
Some scientists say this supports the theory that asteroids delivered life’s building blocks to Earth.
일부 과학자들은 이것이 소행성이 생명의 구성 요소를 지구에 전달했다는 이론을 지지한다고 말한다.
They believe space rocks crashed into Earth long ago.
그들은 오래전에 소행성이 지구에 충돌했다고 본다.
This may have seeded Earth with organic materials.
이로 인해 지구에 유기 물질이 퍼졌을 수 있다.
There is a high possibility that similar events happened on other planets.
다른 행성에서도 비슷한 일이 일어났을 가능성이 높다.
Researchers ask whether life exists elsewhere.
연구자들은 다른 곳에도 생명이 존재하는지 질문한다.
Previous missions also found similar substances.
이전 임무에서도 비슷한 물질이 발견되었다.
NASA plans a new mission to study another asteroid.
NASA는 다른 소행성을 연구하기 위한 새로운 임무를 계획 중이다.
Scientists hope to unlock more secrets of life.
과학자들은 생명의 비밀을 더 밝혀내길 기대한다.
◆ 핵심 단어
groundbreaking : 획기적인
discovery : 발견
building blocks : 구성 요소
asteroid : 소행성
insight : 통찰
launch : 발사하다
mission : 임무
spacecraft : 우주선
sample : 샘플, 표본
collect : 수집하다
organic compound : 유기 화합물
amino acid : 아미노산
protein : 단백질
nucleobase : 핵염기
DNA : DNA
mineral : 광물
indicate : 나타내다
biochemical : 생화학의
reaction : 반응
support : 지지하다
theory : 이론
deliver : 전달하다
crash into : 충돌하다
seed : 퍼뜨리다
possibility : 가능성
potentially : 잠재적으로
elsewhere : 다른 곳에
reveal : 드러내다
substance : 물질
approach : 접근하다
unlock : 밝혀내다
◆ 해석 연습
Recently, scientists made a groundbreaking discovery by finding the building blocks of life on an asteroid.
These findings have given researchers new insights into how life may have started on Earth.
In 2016, NASA launched the OSIRIS-REx mission to study Bennu.
The spacecraft collected samples in 2020 and brought them back to Earth three years later.
Scientists found that the samples contained thousands of organic compounds.
They included amino acids used to build proteins.
They also found nucleobases, key components of DNA.
Scientists found minerals and salts, indicating Bennu once had water.
Ammonia, important for biochemical reactions, was also discovered.
Some scientists say this supports the theory that asteroids delivered life’s building blocks to Earth.
They believe space rocks crashed into Earth long ago.
This may have seeded Earth with organic materials.
There is a high possibility that similar events happened on other planets.
Researchers ask whether life exists elsewhere.
Previous missions also found similar substances.
NASA plans a new mission to study another asteroid.
Scientists hope to unlock more secrets of life.
◆ 핵심어법 양자택일
Scientists (made / makes) a groundbreaking discovery.
These findings (has given / have given) new insights.
NASA (launched / launching) the mission in 2016.
The spacecraft (collected / collecting) samples in 2020.
Scientists found that samples (contain / contained) organic compounds.
They (include / included) amino acids.
Nucleobases (is / are) key components of DNA.
Minerals (indicate / indicates) the presence of water.
Ammonia (was / were) discovered in the samples.
This (support / supports) the theory.
Asteroids may have (deliver / delivered) building blocks.
Space rocks could have (crash / crashed) into Earth.
There (is / are) a high possibility.
NASA (is planning / are planning) a new mission.
Scientists hope (unlock / to unlock) more secrets.
◆ 핵심어휘 양자택일
Scientists made a (minor / groundbreaking) discovery.
They found the (building blocks / remains) of life.
The mission aimed to (study / destroy) the asteroid.
Samples contained (organic / artificial) compounds.
Amino acids build (proteins / metals).
DNA stores (genetic / random) information.
Minerals indicate the presence of (water / fire).
Ammonia is important for (biochemical / mechanical) reactions.
The theory suggests asteroids (delivered / removed) life’s materials.
Space rocks (crashed / floated) into Earth.
There is a high (possibility / impossibility) of life elsewhere.
Scientists want to (hide / unlock) secrets of life.
정답
어법
made
have given
launched
collected
contained
included
are
indicate
was
supports
delivered
crashed
is
is planning
to unlock
어휘
groundbreaking
building blocks
study
organic
proteins
genetic
water
biochemical
delivered
crashed
possibility
unlock
3 Vegetarianism
Throughout the history of mankind, the consumption of beef, pork, and chicken has been a major part of people's diets around the world. At the same time, an increasing number of people are adopting a vegetarian lifestyle, avoiding all meat and meat products.
This has led to an ongoing debate about whether vegetarianism is the best dietary choice. Some argue that it promotes better health and is good for the environment. Conversely, others believe that a plant-based diet lacks key nutrients and goes against human biology. Supporters claim that there are many advantages to following a vegetarian diet. Studies show
that vegetarians have lower risks of heart disease, high blood pressure, and diabetes overall. Additionally, fruits and vegetables contain nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants that are essential for overall wellness.
Advocates also contend that staying away from meat has a positive environmental impact. Raising livestock creates high levels of greenhouse gases and requires more water, land, and energy than plants. Therefore, reducing the consumption of meat will help combat climate change and improve environmental sustainability.
On the other hand, opponents argue that a vegetarian diet lacks many vital components that are necessary for long-term health. Key nutrients like vitamin B12, iron, and omega-3 fatty acids can be obtained in greater amounts from animal products. As a result, vegetarians risk deficiencies that may lead to fatigue and other health issues.
Critics add that humans evolved to be omnivores, which means that our bodies are designed to consume meat. Biologically, our digestive system and teeth are suited for eating both plants and animals Therefore, completely avoiding meat would contradict human evolution and go against the natural order.
◆ 한줄해석
Throughout the history of mankind, the consumption of beef, pork, and chicken has been a major part of people's diets.
인류 역사 전반에 걸쳐 소고기, 돼지고기, 닭고기의 소비는 주요 식단이었다.
At the same time, more people are adopting a vegetarian lifestyle.
동시에 점점 더 많은 사람들이 채식 생활을 채택하고 있다.
This has led to a debate about whether vegetarianism is the best choice.
이는 채식이 최선의 선택인지에 대한 논쟁을 불러일으켰다.
Some argue that it promotes better health.
일부는 그것이 더 나은 건강을 촉진한다고 주장한다.
Others believe it lacks key nutrients.
다른 이들은 필수 영양소가 부족하다고 본다.
Studies show vegetarians have lower risks of disease.
연구에 따르면 채식주의자는 질병 위험이 낮다.
Fruits and vegetables contain essential nutrients.
과일과 채소는 필수 영양소를 포함한다.
Raising livestock produces greenhouse gases.
가축 사육은 온실가스를 배출한다.
It requires more resources than plants.
식물보다 더 많은 자원을 필요로 한다.
Reducing meat consumption helps the environment.
육류 소비 감소는 환경에 도움이 된다.
Opponents argue vegetarian diets lack vital nutrients.
반대자들은 채식이 필수 영양소가 부족하다고 주장한다.
These nutrients are more available in animal products.
이 영양소는 동물성 식품에서 더 많이 얻을 수 있다.
Vegetarians may face deficiencies.
채식주의자는 결핍을 겪을 수 있다.
Humans evolved to be omnivores.
인간은 잡식동물로 진화했다.
Our bodies are suited for eating both plants and animals.
우리 몸은 식물과 동물 모두를 먹도록 설계되었다.
Avoiding meat may contradict human evolution.
고기를 완전히 피하는 것은 인간 진화에 어긋날 수 있다.
◆ 핵심 단어
consumption : 소비
diet : 식단
adopt : 채택하다
vegetarian : 채식주의자
lifestyle : 생활 방식
debate : 논쟁
dietary choice : 식이 선택
argue : 주장하다
promote : 촉진하다
conversely : 반대로
plant-based : 식물 기반의
lack : 부족하다
nutrient : 영양소
advantage : 장점
overall : 전반적으로
risk : 위험
blood pressure : 혈압
diabetes : 당뇨병
essential : 필수적인
wellness : 건강
advocate : 옹호자
livestock : 가축
greenhouse gas : 온실가스
sustainability : 지속 가능성
opponent : 반대자
vital : 필수적인
deficiency : 결핍
fatigue : 피로
evolve : 진화하다
omnivore : 잡식동물
digestive system : 소화기관
contradict : 모순되다
◆ 해석 연습
Throughout the history of mankind, the consumption of beef, pork, and chicken has been a major part of people's diets.
At the same time, more people are adopting a vegetarian lifestyle.
This has led to a debate about whether vegetarianism is the best choice.
Some argue that it promotes better health.
Others believe it lacks key nutrients.
Studies show vegetarians have lower risks of disease.
Fruits and vegetables contain essential nutrients.
Raising livestock produces greenhouse gases.
It requires more resources than plants.
Reducing meat consumption helps the environment.
Opponents argue vegetarian diets lack vital nutrients.
These nutrients are more available in animal products.
Vegetarians may face deficiencies.
Humans evolved to be omnivores.
Our bodies are suited for eating both plants and animals.
Avoiding meat may contradict human evolution.
◆ 핵심어법 양자택일
The consumption of meat (has been / have been) a major part of diets.
More people (is adopting / are adopting) a vegetarian lifestyle.
This (has led / have led) to a debate.
Some (argue / argues) that it promotes health.
Others (believe / believes) it lacks nutrients.
Studies (show / shows) vegetarians have lower risks.
Fruits and vegetables (contain / contains) nutrients.
Raising livestock (produce / produces) greenhouse gases.
It (require / requires) more resources than plants.
Reducing meat consumption (help / helps) the environment.
Opponents (argue / argues) that diets lack nutrients.
These nutrients (can be obtained / obtains) from animal products.
Vegetarians (risk / risks) deficiencies.
Humans (evolved / evolving) to be omnivores.
Our bodies (is / are) suited for both plants and animals.
Avoiding meat (contradict / contradicts) evolution.
◆ 핵심어휘 양자택일
Meat consumption is a major part of people's (diet / hobby).
More people are adopting a (vegetarian / athletic) lifestyle.
There is a (debate / agreement) about vegetarianism.
Some say it promotes (health / disease).
Others say it (lacks / contains) nutrients.
Vegetarians have lower (risks / profits) of disease.
Fruits contain essential (nutrients / toxins).
Livestock produces (greenhouse gases / oxygen).
Meat production requires more (resources / time only).
Reducing meat helps the (environment / economy only).
Vegetarians may face (deficiencies / advantages).
Humans are (omnivores / herbivores only).
Our bodies are suited for (both / neither) plants and animals.
Avoiding meat may (support / contradict) evolution.
정답
어법
has been
are adopting
has led
argue
believe
show
contain
produces
requires
helps
argue
can be obtained
risk
evolved
are
contradicts
어휘
diet
vegetarian
debate
health
lacks
risks
nutrients
greenhouse gases
resources
environment
deficiencies
omnivores
both
contradict
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